لوسمی میلوئید مزمن در کودکان و گزارش یک مورد

SUMMARY Chronic Myeloid Leukemia In Children And a Case – Report Dr. Roya Ejte mai , Assistant. professor, Gilan University of medical Sciences, Rasht . The case is a ten-years - old boy. During examinations for massive splenomegaly, his disease has been diagnosed chronic Myelogenous leukemia (CML), and also philadelphia chromosome was revealed during chromosomal analysis. The patient was treated with chemotherapy • laboratory and clinical signs showed improving conditions within 2 or 3 months , but due to recurrence of symptoms, a bone-marrow transplant ation has been intended for him. Chronic myeloid leukemia constitutes less than 5% in children. It includes two major types which are : 1/ Adult type 2/ Juvenile type Its conventional or adult type is considered a panm yelopathy which involves all of the he mic (and at least some kinds of lymphocytes) lineages. This disease is characterized by following cases :: 1.Expansion of the total body granulocyte pool ; 2. Myeloid hyperplasia in the bone marrow; 3.Extramedullary hematopoiesis ; 4.Special cytogenic marker or philadelphia (PH') chromosome . Maximum incidence in children is at the age of 10 - 20. this disease has 3 phases. Median survival in C.M.L from diagnosis is usually 3 to 4 years. The goal of treatment in chronic phase is amelioration of leukocytosis and organomegaly. True remission is rare. The goal in the second and thire phase is reversion to chronic phase. Drugs used are usually Busulfan and Hudroxyurea . Treatments such as splenic irradiation or splenectomy provide mostly a temporary relief, and are applied to prepare the patients for bone marrow transplantation In general, when patients are in the first chronic phase , a bone marrow transplantation often leads to success. The more progressive the phases, the less the chance will be. However, the extent of experience in children has been little. Therefore, there is a need for more investigation and reseach.